DICOM 網路傳輸協定
DICOM規範開發之初,除了定義DICOM 影像標準外,第二重點就是將其應用範圍訂在網路的溝通上。如下圖 1 所示: 我們可以輕易的了解DICOM 通訊協定的應用必須架構在TCP/IP通訊協定的上層。
圖1.DICOM 網路與OSI 七層
DICOM 網路服務依據 ISO 7498-1 定義了
a. Application Entrity 如下圖2所表示的灰色部分 b. Service or Layer Service c. Application Entity Title .
圖2.Application Entiry
DICOM 定義了兩種型態的 Service-Object Pair (SOP) Classes 包含Normalized 及 Composite 兩種,使用一個SOP Classes 服務必須遵守一方為Service Class User (SCU) 服務定義,而另一方為 Service Class Provider (SCP) 服務定義,才可正常運作。
DICOM Service-Oject Pair (SOP) Classe 中提供了許多資訊交換的服務,包含
Ø Verification Service Class ( Normative)
使用 C-ECHO DIMSE-C 訊息命令服務確認DICOM AEs 雙方已經完成動作,一端DICOM AE支援 Verificatoin SOP Class SCU 角色對遠端的DICOM AE 必須支援 Verification SOP Class SCP角色提出事件需求,遠端DICOM AE也會回送C-ECHO DIMSE-C 訊息命令已表確認。
Ø Storage Service Class (Normative)
使用 C-STORE DIMSE-C 訊息命令已完成兩DICOM AEs 雙方完成儲存動作,一端 DICOM AE支援 SCU 角色對遠端 DICOM AE 支援 SCP角色進行影像儲存之動作。
關於C-STORE 訊息狀態如下表1所示 :
表1 . C-Store Service Status
Service Status
|
Further Meaning
|
Status Codes
|
Related Fields
|
Failure
|
Refused: Out of Resources
|
A7xx
|
(0000,0902)
|
Error: Data Set does not match SOP Class
|
A9xx
|
(0000,0901)
(0000,0902)
| |
Error: Cannot understand
|
Cxxx
|
(0000,0901)
(0000,0902)
| |
Warning
|
Coercion of Data Elements
|
B000
|
(0000,0901)
(0000,0902)
|
Data Set does not match SOP Class
|
B007
|
(0000,0901)
(0000,0902)
| |
Elements Discarded
|
B006
|
(0000,0901)
(0000,0902)
| |
Success
|
0000
|
None
|
SOP Classes 在DICOM Tag IODs內定義了標準的 Class UID 以來辨認SCU所傳送至SCP 的影像格式,其相關的 SOP Class UID 表示如下表2所示:
表2.SOP Class UID
SOP Class Name
|
SOP Class UID
|
IOD Specification
(defined in PS 3.3) |
Computed Radiography Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1
| |
Digital X-Ray Image Storage - For Presentation
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1.1
|
DX IOD (see B.5.1.1)
|
Digital X-Ray Image Storage - For Processing
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1.1.1
|
DX IOD (see B.5.1.1)
|
Digital Mammography Image Storage - For Presentation
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1.2
|
Digital Mammography IOD (see B.5.1.2)
|
Digital Mammography Image Storage - For Processing
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1.2.1
|
Digital Mammography IOD (see B.5.1.2)
|
Digital Intra-oral X-Ray Image Storage - For Presentation
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1.3
|
Digital Intra-oral X-Ray IOD (see B.5.1.3)
|
Digital Intra-oral X-Ray Image Storage - For Processing
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1.3.1
|
Digital Intra-oral X-Ray IOD (see B.5.1.3)
|
CT Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.2
| |
Enhanced CT Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.2.1
|
Enhanced CT Image (see B.5.1.7)
|
Ultrasound Multi-frame Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.3.1
| |
MR Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.4
| |
Enhanced MR Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.4.1
|
Enhanced MR Image (see B.5.1.6)
|
MR Spectroscopy Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.4.2
|
MR Spectroscopy
|
Ultrasound Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.6.1
| |
Secondary Capture Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.7
| |
Multi-frame Single Bit Secondary Capture Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.7.1
|
Multi-frame Single Bit Secondary Capture Image
|
Multi-frame Grayscale Byte Secondary Capture Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.7.2
|
Multi-frame Grayscale Byte Secondary Capture Image
|
Multi-frame Grayscale Word Secondary Capture Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.7.3
|
Multi-frame Grayscale Word Secondary Capture Image
|
Multi-frame True Color Secondary Capture Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.7.4
|
Multi-frame True Color Secondary Capture Image
|
12-lead ECG Waveform Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.9.1.1
|
12-lead ECG Waveform
|
General ECG Waveform Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.9.1.2
|
General ECG Waveform
|
Ambulatory ECG Waveform Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.9.1.3
|
Ambulatory ECG Waveform
|
Hemodynamic Waveform Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.9.2.1
|
Hemodynamic Waveform
|
Cardiac Electrophysiology Waveform Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.9.3.1
|
Cardiac Electrophysiology Waveform
|
Basic Voice Audio Waveform Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.9.4.1
|
Basic Voice Audio Waveform
|
Grayscale Softcopy Presentation State Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.11.1
|
Grayscale Softcopy Presentation StateStorage
|
Color Softcopy Presentation State Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.11.2
|
Color Softcopy Presentation State
|
Pseudo-Color Softcopy Presentation State Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.11.3
|
Pseudo-ColorSoftcopy Presentation State
|
Blending Softcopy Presentation State Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.11.4
|
Blending Softcopy Presentation State
|
X-Ray Angiographic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.12.1
| |
Enhanced XA Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.12.1.1
| |
X-Ray Radiofluoroscopic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.12.2
| |
Enhanced XRF Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.12.2.1
| |
Nuclear Medicine Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.20
| |
Raw Data Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.66
|
Raw Data
|
Spatial Registration Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.66.1
|
Spatial Registration
|
Spatial Fiducials Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.66.2
|
Spatial Fiducials
|
Deformable Spatial Registration Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.66.3
|
Deformable Spatial Registration
|
Segmentation Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.66.4
|
Segmentation
|
Real World Value Mapping Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.67
|
Real World Value Mapping
|
VL Endoscopic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.1
|
VL Endoscopic Image
|
Video Endoscopic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.1.1
|
Video Endoscopic Image
|
VL Microscopic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.2
|
VL Microscopic Image
|
Video Microscopic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.2.1
|
Video Microscopic Image
|
VL Slide-Coordinates Microscopic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.3
|
VL Slide-Coordinates Microscopic Image
|
VL Photographic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.4
|
VL Photographic Image
|
Video Photographic Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.4.1
|
Video Photographic Image
|
Ophthalmic Photography 8 Bit Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.5.1
|
Ophthalmic Photography 8 Bit Image
|
Ophthalmic Photography 16 Bit Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.5.2
|
Ophthalmic Photography 16 Bit Image
|
Stereometric Relationship Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.5.3
|
Stereometric Relationship
|
Basic Text SR
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.11
|
Basic Text SR
|
Enhanced SR
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.22
|
Enhanced SR
|
Comprehensive SR
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.33
|
Comprehensive SR
|
Procedure Log
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.40
|
Procedure Log
|
Mammography CAD SR
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.50
|
Mammography CAD SR IOD
|
Key Object Selection
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.59
|
Key Object Selection Document
|
Chest CAD SR
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.65
|
Chest CAD SR IOD
|
X-Ray Radiation Dose SR
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.88.67
|
X-Ray Radiation Dose SR
|
Encapsulated PDF Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.104.1
|
Encapsulated PDF IOD
|
Positron Emission Tomography Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.128
| |
RT Image Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.1
| |
RT Dose Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.2
| |
RT Structure Set Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.3
| |
RT Beams Treatment Record Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.4
| |
RT Plan Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.5
| |
RT Brachy Treatment Record Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.6
| |
RT Treatment Summary Record Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.7
| |
RT Ion Plan Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.8
|
IOD defined in PS 3.3
|
RT Ion Beams Treatment Record Storage
|
1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.481.9
|
IOD defined in PS 3.3
|
Ø Query/Retrieve Service Class (Normative)
使用 DIMSE-C C-FIND,C-MOVE 及 C-GET訊息命令已完成兩DICOM AEs 雙方完成影像調閱及回傳的動作,一端 DICOM AE 支援 SCU 角色對遠端 DICOM AE 支援 SCP角色進行動作。
DICOM Message Exchange訊息交換,定義了關於 a. DICOM Message Service Element (DIMSE) b. DIMSE-N Service c.DIMSE-C Service d. DIMSE Service Group (DSG)。
其整體的 DICOM Message Exchange 於整體的通訊協定上的運作模式如下圖3所示:
圖3 .DICOM Message Exchange
整體的DICOM Message 分為兩大類 a. Command Set (圖4),b. Data Set (圖5),於Command Set 內的元件特別定義包含 Tag 、Length、Value 已確定DICOM 訊息命令。
圖4 .DICOM Message
而其 Data Set 內的Data 元件包含了 Tag、VR、Value Length、Value Field
已確定病患基本資料、檢查資料、儀器資料、影像資料等。
圖5 .Data Set
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